Strategies in Values Education: Horse or Cart?

Horse or cart? Designer creativity and personality

This paper is a reflection on designer creativity in the context of the sector of art and design. It is shown that, though there is a rich literature on creativity, and on comparisons between art and science, few studies are specific to design. The paper focuses on links between personality characteristics and creativity, and demonstrates the strong nature of intuition led design thinking, both...

Don't put the cart before the horse.

Watersheds: Putting the Cart before the Horse

Immobilized viable microbial cells: from the process to the proteome. . . or the cart before the horse

Biotechnological processes based on immobilized viable cells have developed rapidly over the last 30 years. For a long time, basic studies of the physiological behaviour of immobilized cells (IC) have remained in the shadow of the applications. Natural IC structures, i.e. biofilms, are being increasingly investigated at the cellular level owing to their definite importance for human health and ...

Insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia: is hyperinsulinemia the cart or the horse?

Insulin resistance, recently recognized as a strong predictor of disease in adults, has become the leading element of the metabolic syndrome and renewed as a focus of research. The condition exists when insulin levels are higher than expected relative to the level of glucose. Thus, insulin resistance is by definition tethered to hyperinsulinemia. The rising prevalence of medical conditions wher...